![]() We aimed to contribute to the knowledge base on the potential interplay between human and pet health as outlined in One Health initiatives. 23 However, no studies have been performed on the shared risk of diabetes between dog and cat owners and their pets. Furthermore, owners and pets living in the same household could be similarly exposed to environmental diabetogenic factors, including pollutants 21 22 and endocrine disrupting chemicals. ![]() This finding matches that of studies on diabetes in spouses, which reported that spouses of individuals with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes might be at increased risk of developing diabetes themselves, 19 20 likely as a result of shared lifestyle factors and adiposity rates as well as shared socioeconomic circumstances. 13 14 15 16Ĭross sectional studies have indicated an association between adiposity in dog owners and their pets, 17 18 suggesting that the two might share health behaviours, including activity level, that could affect their morbidity alike. 11 12 Corresponding with typical risk factors for type 2 diabetes in humans, however, diet, obesity, and level of physical activity influence the risk of diabetes in both dogs and cats. Established non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes in both dogs and cats include age, sex, and breed. The pathogenesis of diabetes in cats is suggested to largely correspond to that of type 2 diabetes in humans, 10 with reduced insulin sensitivity as a key feature. 8 In contrast, the British Veterinary Association recommends the neutering of all pet dogs not intended for breeding, 9 and most female dogs in the UK are spayed. 7 Insulin resistant diabetes secondary to diabetogenic hormone changes during the prolonged dioestrus phase is of particular relevance in a Swedish context, as spaying of female dogs is rare and often performed late in life for medical reasons. 6 The pathogenesis of diabetes in dogs is heterogeneous, and the cause of hyperglycaemia can be categorised as primary insulin deficiency diabetes or insulin resistant diabetes. 4 5ĭogs and cats that develop diabetes usually present with distinct and rapidly progressing symptoms, including excessive thirst, polyuria, and weight loss, similar to the clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes in humans. 3 The prevalence of diabetes in dogs and cats also might be on the increase. The expected increase is partly attributable to the population aging, and it is also driven by profound shifts in lifestyle behaviours and obesity rates. 1 In Sweden, the point prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults almost reaches 5%, 2 and this prevalence is projected to increase in the coming decades. Type 2 diabetes is recognised as a major global public health challenge, with more than 400 million individuals affected worldwide.
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